Abhishek Ray

3 min read

Essential investor updates for Indian startups: A founder's guide

Investor updates are regular communications that help founders keep existing investors informed about business performance, cash position, key milestones, risks and upcoming decisions between funding rounds. They create a consistent record of...

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5 min read

Priced rounds vs convertible instruments: A guide for Indian startups

Startup funding is not just about how much capital a company raises. It is also about when the company’s valuation is established, what investors...

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7 min read

Employee equity in India: how to design an effective ESOP programme

Employee equity can help Indian startups attract talent, reward performance and give employees a stake in the company's long-term growth. But an...

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7 min read

Understanding share transfers in Indian private limited companies

A startup’s ownership structure can change without the company raising a single rupee. A founder may sell shares to an early investor, an employee...

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4 min read

Understanding employee equity in startup liquidity events

For employees at a startup, equity can be one of the most exciting parts of a compensation package. But receiving stock options, watching them vest...

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4 min read

Secondary share sales in India: creating liquidity without an IPO

For many startup founders, employees and early investors, equity represents years of work and a stake in what the business could become. But there is...

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3 min read

Automating ESOP management for Indian startups: A guide

An ESOP is not a one-time grant that can be forgotten once an employee accepts it. Grants have vesting schedules, exercise conditions and...

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5 min read

Understanding pre-emptive rights for founders and shareholders in India

A startup is preparing for its next funding round. An investor wants to put in fresh capital, the founders are considering new shares, and existing...

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6 min read

Growth shares vs ESOPs in India: what should startups consider?

For an Indian startup thinking about employee equity, the conversation often starts with ESOPs.

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5 min read

Understanding employee equity benchmarks in Indian startups

One of the first questions founders hear when hiring senior talent is:

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